Enhancing the Thermostability of a Novel β-agarase AgaB through Directed Evolution

To increase the thermostability of β-agarase AgaB by directed evolution, the mutant gene libraries were generated by error-prone polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) shuffling. Mutants with high thermostability were screened by a simple method based on agarase-degrading agar to generate a clear zone on the agar plate. A mutant S2 was obtained through two rounds of error-prone PCR and a single round of DNA shuffling and selection. It has higher thermostability and slightly increased catalytic activity than wild-type AgaB. Melting temperature (Tm) of S2, as determined by circular dichroism, is 4.6 °C higher than that of wild-type AgaB, and the half-life of S2 is 350 min at 40 °C, which is 18.4-fold longer than that of the wild-type enzyme. Saturation mutagenesis and hydrophobic cluster analysis indicated that hydrophobic interaction might be the key factor that enhances the enzyme stability.