A new biotechnology for the production of biodiesel fuel on the basis of the lipids of filamentous fungi has been developed. The oleaginous mucoralean fungus, which produces up to 47.0-50.0% of lipids similar to rapeseed oil in their composition, are used as a producer. The duration of the fermentation process at 27-28°C is 4-5 days. The main characteristics of the biodiesel fuel based on fungal lipids satisfy the requirements of the basic standards, in particular, EN14214. The possibilities for creating a wasteless closedcycle technology based on the production of biodiesel and chitin in a single fermentation, applying stimulators for the germination of fungal conidia to reduce the duration of fermentations, and using glycerin formed in the synthesis of methyl esters as a source of carbon in a fermentation medium, along with wood hydrolyzates and the wastes of certain food plants in the fermentation process, are shown. © 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.