Distributed Uneven Clustering Mechanism for Energy Efficient WSN

Wireless Sensor Network is equipped with several nodes and is mainly developed for monitoring environmental-oriented applications. Generally, sensor nodes are inbuilt with autonomy battery power so that nodes can perform adequate operations by communicating among themselves. Minimization of energy expenditure among nodes and choosing the optimal path for data transmission is still a challenging task. The motive is to reduce the energy expenditure among each node and to reduce the network traffic among the nodes present nearer to the Base Station simultaneously. Distributed, Uneven Clustering approach with Energy Efficient protocol is proposed for balancing network traffic and to produces energy-efficient routes among wireless nodes. This proposed mechanism contributes two phases, namely Distributed Clustering phase and the Data Routing phase. The sensor node has the highest cooperativeness rate, data transmission rate, and residual energy is selected as a CH and backup CH for balancing the network load and overall energy consumption of the network. In this approach, select the intermediate CH using Fuzzy Interference System is predicting the sensor link quality by energy density factor, Communication rate, Packet delivery rate, and size of queue parameters. The performance metrics are evaluated, improving energy efficiency and throughput is given for the proposed mechanism.