Preliminary Evaluation of Biological Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Syngonium podophyllum Leaf

Present study reports the phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of Syngonium podophyllum leaf ethyl acetate extract. Dried leaf samples were extracted with ethyl acetate by using soxhlet apparatus. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, reducing sugars, alkaloids and saponins. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in extracts were 3.67 ± 0.02 mg propyl galate equivalent and 3.23 ± 0.02 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of sample, respectively. At different concentrations reducing ability of the leaf extract was in the range of 0.170–0.350. The extract accounted for moderate DPPH radical scavenging potential (50 %) and metal ion chelating ability (55 %) at higher concentrations. Test extract provided about 30–36 % protection against peroxidation of membrane lipids in rat tissue homogenate. The extract exhibited 43 % growth inhibition against lung cancer (NCI-H322) and 53 % against breast cancer (T47D) cell lines. In disc diffusion assay extract demonstrated considerable antibacterial activity (ZOI 12–15 mm) against Bacillus cereus (MTCC 6840), Streptococcus mutans (MTCC 497), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC 7299), Salmonella typhi (MTCC 3917), and Bordetella bronchiseptica (MTCC 6838) in comparison with standard antibiotics (ZOI 15–16 mm). The study revealed moderate antioxidant, anticancer and considerable antibacterial activities in S. podophyllum leaf ethyl acetate extract.