Group A streptococci clones associated with invasive infections and pharyngitis in Portugal present differences in emm types, superantigen gene content and antimicrobial resistance

[1] Cunningham MW(2000)Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections Clin Microbiol Rev 13 470-511

[2] Efstratiou A(2000)Group A streptococci in the 1990s J Antimicrob Chemother 45 3-12

[3] Carapetis JR(2005)The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases Lancet Infect Dis 5 685-694

[4] Steer AC(2009)Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe Streptococcus pyogenes disease in Europe J Clin Microbiol 47 1155-1165

[5] Mulholland EK(2007)The epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infection and potential vaccine implications: United States, 2000–2004 Clin Infect Dis 45 853-862

[6] Weber M(2005)Association of group A streptococcal emm types with virulence traits and macrolide-resistance genes is independent of the source of isolation J Med Microbiol 54 913-917

[7] Luca-Harari B(2005)Variations in emm type among group A streptococcal isolates causing invasive or noninvasive infections in a nationwide study J Clin Microbiol 43 3101-3109

[8] Darenberg J(2011)Epidemiological and molecular analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes isolates causing invasive disease in Spain (1998–2009): comparison with non-invasive isolates Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 30 1295-1302

[9] Neal S(2008)Distribution of emm type and antibiotic susceptibility of group A streptococci causing invasive and noninvasive disease J Med Microbiol 57 1383-1388

[10] Siljander T(2000)Molecular characterisation of group A streptococci from invasive and non-invasive disease episodes in Belgium during 1993–1994 J Med Microbiol 49 467-471

[1] Cunningham MW(2000)Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections Clin Microbiol Rev 13 470-511

[2] Efstratiou A(2000)Group A streptococci in the 1990s J Antimicrob Chemother 45 3-12

[3] Carapetis JR(2005)The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases Lancet Infect Dis 5 685-694

[4] Steer AC(2009)Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe Streptococcus pyogenes disease in Europe J Clin Microbiol 47 1155-1165

[5] Mulholland EK(2007)The epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infection and potential vaccine implications: United States, 2000–2004 Clin Infect Dis 45 853-862

[6] Weber M(2005)Association of group A streptococcal emm types with virulence traits and macrolide-resistance genes is independent of the source of isolation J Med Microbiol 54 913-917

[7] Luca-Harari B(2005)Variations in emm type among group A streptococcal isolates causing invasive or noninvasive infections in a nationwide study J Clin Microbiol 43 3101-3109

[8] Darenberg J(2011)Epidemiological and molecular analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes isolates causing invasive disease in Spain (1998–2009): comparison with non-invasive isolates Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 30 1295-1302

[9] Neal S(2008)Distribution of emm type and antibiotic susceptibility of group A streptococci causing invasive and noninvasive disease J Med Microbiol 57 1383-1388

[10] Siljander T(2000)Molecular characterisation of group A streptococci from invasive and non-invasive disease episodes in Belgium during 1993–1994 J Med Microbiol 49 467-471