Association between Serum Magnesium Levels and Risk of Dyslipidemia: A Cross-Sectional Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

A growing number of observational studies have been carried out on the relationship between serum magnesium and risk of dyslipidemia, but their results were conflicting. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum magnesium levels and risk of dyslipidemia in Chinese adult residents. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in the wave of 2009 to conduct a cross-sectional study. A total of 8,457 participants (47.2% male) with a mean age of 50.5 years were assessed and divided into 4 groups based on quartiles of serum magnesium levels. We found that higher quartiles of serum magnesium were associated with increased prevalence of dyslipidemia. After adjustment for confounders, the results of logistic regression analyses indicated that there was an increased trend in dyslipidemia risk as quartiles of serum magnesium increased. The restricted cubic spline model revealed a nonlinear relationship between serum magnesium levels and dyslipidemia. In subgroup analyses, the positive relationship between serum magnesium levels and dyslipidemia was more significant in females than in males. Our study suggested that serum magnesium levels were positively associated with risk of dyslipidemia in Chinese adult population. Further research is needed to provide a deep understanding of the underlying mechanism of magnesium on lipid metabolism.