Probability-based cluster head selection and fuzzy multipath routing for prolonging lifetime of wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a new power-aware routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on the threshold rate and fuzzy logic for improving energy efficiency. The cluster heads are elected based on the probability values of every node in WSN, which are calculated from the remaining energy of every node. Cumulative remaining node energy is used to calculate mean energy of the whole network of the current phase. The nodes with high probability will have more chances to be selected as the cluster head, which gathers packets from the cluster member via single hop communication. The cluster head forwards the gathered data to sink by using fuzzy control with multi-hop communication. Fuzzy control takes three parameters namely queue length of a node, the distance of a node from the base station, and the remaining energy of node. The evidence from experiments suggest that the proposed energy efficient cluster-based routing protocol method (called MLSEEP) gives better results than the existing protocols by the supplement of those techniques.