Clinical and genetic aspects of PCDH19-related epilepsy syndromes and the possible role of PCDH19 mutations in males with autism spectrum disorders

被引:0
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作者
J. J. T. van Harssel
S. Weckhuysen
M. J. A. van Kempen
K. Hardies
N. E. Verbeek
C. G. F. de Kovel
W. B. Gunning
E. van Daalen
M. V. de Jonge
A. C. Jansen
R. J. Vermeulen
W. F. M. Arts
H. Verhelst
A. Fogarasi
J. F. de Rijk-van Andel
A. Kelemen
D. Lindhout
P. De Jonghe
B. P. C. Koeleman
A. Suls
E. H. Brilstra
机构
[1] University Medical Center Utrecht,Department of Medical Genetics
[2] VIB,Neurogenetics Group, Department of Molecular Genetics
[3] University of Antwerp,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Institute Born
[4] Epilepsy Center Kempenhaeghe,Bunge
[5] The Epilepsy Institutes of the Netherlands Foundation (SEIN),Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
[6] University Medical Center Utrecht,Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics
[7] UZ Brussel,Department of Public Health
[8] Vrije Universiteit Brussel,Department of Pediatric Neurology
[9] VU University Medical Center,Department of Neurology
[10] Erasmus Medical Center—Sophia Children’s Hospital,Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics
[11] Ghent University Hospital,Epilepsy Center
[12] Bethesda Children’s Hospital,Department of Neurology
[13] Amphia Hospital,Epilepsy Center
[14] National Institute of Neurosciences,Division of Neurology
[15] SEIN—Epilepsy Institutes in the Netherlands Foundation,undefined
[16] Antwerp University Hospital,undefined
来源
neurogenetics | 2013年 / 14卷
关键词
PCDH19; Epilepsy; X-linked; Genetics; Autism spectrum disorder;
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摘要
Epilepsy and mental retardation limited to females (EFMR), caused by PCDH19 mutations, has a variable clinical expression that needs further exploration. Onset of epilepsy may be provoked by fever and can resemble Dravet syndrome. Furthermore, transmitting males have no seizures, but are reported to have rigid personalities suggesting possible autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the phenotypic spectrum associated with PCDH19 mutations in Dravet-like and EFMR female patients and in males with ASD. We screened 120 females suffering from Dravet-like epilepsy, 136 females with EFMR features and 20 males with ASD. Phenotypes and genotypes of the PCDH19 mutation carriers were compared with those of 125 females with EFMR reported in the literature. We report 15 additional patients with a PCDH19 mutation. Review of clinical data of all reported patients showed that the clinical picture of EFMR is heterogeneous, but epilepsy onset in infancy, fever sensitivity and occurrence of seizures in clusters are key features. Seizures remit in the majority of patients during teenage years. Intellectual disability and behavioural disturbances are common. Fifty percent of all mutations are missense mutations, located in the extracellular domains only. Truncating mutations have been identified in all protein domains. One ASD proband carried one missense mutation predicted to have a deleterious effect, suggesting that ASD in males can be associated with PCDH19 mutations.
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页码:23 / 34
页数:11
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