Heat Transfer Performance of Copper Foam-Based Vapor Chamber Composite Liquid Cooling System Under Double-Sided Heating

To mitigate the temperature distribution gradients on the surface caused by the coolant flowing and heating on both sides, an efficient liquid cooling system is needed to solve the problem of high temperatures in localized regions of the heating surface. A copper foam-based vapor chamber composite cold plate is developed, and its heat thermal performance is experimentally investigated. The evaporation base with the copper foam metal wick is placed on both sides of the cold plate to form vapor chambers. The effects of a range of heating powers and coolant flow rates on the thermal resistance of vapor chambers with different filling ratios on both sides are investigated. The results show that a 0.15 L min−1 coolant flow rate provides excellent heat dissipation, and continuing to increase the flow rate has little impact on the temperature uniformity. The vapor chamber’s 70 % to 80 % filling ratio reflects the best performance in the test heating power range. The structure is easily assembled and suitable for utilization in battery thermal management systems.