Protective Effects of Troxerutin on β-Amyloid (1-42)-Induced Impairments of Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats

In our study, we examined the protective effect of troxerutin, a natural bioflavonoid, on β-amyloid, Aβ (1-42)-induced impairments of learning and memory. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) were divided into six groups, sham, Aβ (1-42)-, Aβ (42-1)-injected, and three groups Aβ (1-42)-injected plus treatment with three different doses of troxerutin (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) for 8 consecutive days. The Aβ peptides were injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) into the right lateral ventricle; 8 days later, the Morris water maze test was performed to assess spatial learning and memory. Our results showed that troxerutin at lower doses (50 and 150 mg/kg) exerted no significant effect on Aβ-induced impairment of memory performance, but the dose of 300 mg/kg significantly protected against the above impairment of spatial learning and memory in Aβ (1-42)-treated animals. The beneficial effects of troxerutin may partly be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and to modifications in the cholinergic system.