Distribution and source apportionment studies of heavy metals in soil of cotton/wheat fields

被引：0
作者：
Nazia Rafique
Saadia R. Tariq
机构：
[1] National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC),Ecotoxicology Research Institute, Department of Plant and Environment Protection
[2] Lahore College for Women University,Department of Chemistry
来源：
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2016年 / 188卷
关键词：
Heavy metals; cotton/wheat soil; potential ecological risk; Phosphate fertilizer; multivariate statistical methods;
D O I：
暂无
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Heavy metals enriched agricultural soils have been the subject of great concern because these metals have potential to be transferred to the soil solution and afterward accumulated in food chain. To study the trace metal persistence in crop soil, 90 representative soil samples were collected and analyzed for heavy metal (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and anions (chloride, nitrates, phosphates and sulfates). Cluster and factor analysis techniques were used for the source identification of these excessive heavy metal levels and ecological risk was determined with potential ecological risk assessment. The degree of enrichment of eight studied heavy metals in comparison with the corresponding background levels decreased in order: Cd > Pb > Fe > Ni > Mn > As > Cu ~ Zn. Arsenic and cadmium exhibited 1.30- and 1.64-fold exceeded levels than threshold limits set by National environment quality standards, respectively. Cd in cotton field’s soil may lead to higher potential risk than other heavy metals. On overall basis, the cumulative mean potential ecological risk for the district (207.75) corresponded to moderate risk level with higher contributions from As and Pb especially from Cd. Cadmium formed strong positive correlation with phosphate content of soil at p < 0.01. Cluster analysis indicated that Cluster 1 (extremely polluted) probably originated from anthropogenic inputs of phosphate fertilizer and past usage of arsenical pesticides.
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