Effect of matrix metalloproteinase promoter polymorphisms on endometriosis and adenomyosis risk: evidence from a meta-analysis

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) promoter polymorphisms are considered to play roles in the aetiology of endometriosis and adenomyosis, however, the evidence available are inconsistent. We aimed to systematically review the asscociation between MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G MMP-2 -735 C/T, MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A and MMP-9 -1562 C/T polymorphisms and the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. A systemic search was conducted in Ovid, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Wanfang Database. We used the pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) to calculate the statistical power. Besides, we evaluated the quality of individual studies based on Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A total of 13 papers with 18 studies conformed to our inclusion criteria. We observed a significant association between MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G polymorphism and the susceptibility of endometriosis and adenomyosis under recessive model (OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.03–1.53, P= 0.03). While no significant association was found in MMP-2 -735 C/T, MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A and MMP-9 -1562 C/T polymorphisms. This systemic review and meta-analysis suggested that theMMP-1 -1607 1G/2G polymorphism might play an important role in the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. Further, more well-designed and large-scale studies regarding gene–gene and gene–environment interactions are needed in the future.