Medium temperature sintered BaTiO3-based X8R ceramics with Bi2O3–TiO2–ZnO–H2BO3 additive

Lead-free medium temperature sintering BaTiO3-based X8R ceramic materials were obtained by sintering with addition of nano-size Bi2O3–TiO2–ZnO–H2BO3(BTZB), which was synthesised successfully via a sol–gel method. and showed high activity and great dispersion properties. Moreover, the dielectric property and bulk densities was also influenced by the BTZB nanopowder content. The results indicate that BTZB nanopowders can be used as a sintering aid to reduce the sintering temperature of BaTiO3 from 1300 to 1150 °C without secondary phase formation. The 4 wt% BTZB-doped sample which sintered at 1150 °C showed super dielectric properties that the dielectric constant εr = 3186 at 25 °C and dielectric loss was lower than 1.5%. the temperature stability was also improved, temperature coefficient of capacitance less than ±15% from −55 to 150 °C, meeting X8R standard.