Quantum video encryption based on bitplanes and improved Arnold scrambling

Quantum video encryption is an essential method for ensuring video content security. This paper proposes a quantum video encryption method based on bitplanes and improved Arnold scrambling. Firstly, we design a quantum video representation based on bitplanes (BRQV) and an improved Arnold scrambling to entangle video frames. Then, we use 2D quantum wavelet transforms and an improved logic mapping for frequency-domain encryption. The encryption security analysis reveals that the post-encryption SSIM value is close to 0.015, with an information entropy reaching 7.9541. The circuit complexity analysis shows that the proposed method can realize the video encryption using 16n3+272n2-88n\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$16{n^3} + 272{n^2} - 88n$$\end{document} quantum basic gates with the circuit width 2n+log2n+5\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2n + \log _2 n + 5$$\end{document}. The best existing quantum video encryption method needs O(2nn3)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\mathrm{{O(}}{2^n}{n^3})$$\end{document} quantum basic gates with the circuit width 3n+3\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$3n + 3$$\end{document}. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed video encryption method exhibits low correlation coefficients and high efficiency.