Biological monitoring of carcinogens: current status and perspectives

被引:0
作者
Sofia Pavanello
Marcello Lotti
机构
[1] Università degli Studi Padova,Dipartimento di Medicina Ambientale e Sanità Pubblica
来源
Archives of Toxicology | 2012年 / 86卷
关键词
Carcinogens; Biomonitoring; Exposures; Effects; Susceptibility; Personalized medicine;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Biomonitoring exposures to carcinogens is common practice and a variety of biomarkers have been developed to assess both exposures and biochemical/biological effects. However, their clinical and preventive relevance is still uncertain. The understanding of cancer as a genetic disease has dramatically evolved during last decades, showing that cancer cell types acquire their characteristics with different strategies, time frames and microenvironments. Therefore, the place of current biomarkers within this complex scenario of gene–environment interactions leading to cancer cannot be defined. Reasons are manifold. Most studies assessed cancer risk on a group basis through snapshots taken at unknown time-points of the postulated chain of events. Little attention has been paid to the variety and variability of exposures, and no prospective study validated the indicators of biochemical/biological effects. New opportunities and suggestions for biomonitoring exposures to carcinogens could derive from exploring the exposome that combines exposures from all sources both external and internal. The discovery of new biomarkers and the identification of relevant gene-specific pathways could be achieved through metabolomic and genome-wide studies. In conclusion, it is possible to envisage personalized biomonitoring procedures, such as those already implemented in the context of nutrition and clinical oncology.
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页码:535 / 541
页数:6
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