Hepatocyte growth factor accelerates restitution of intestinal epithelial cells

Many cytokines are involved in the repair of damaged tissue, and one of these, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is involved not only with liver regeneration but also in the repair of other tissues. To investigate the importance of HGF in the repair of the small intestine, we evaluated its effect and that of other growth factors in IEC-6 cells, an intestinal epithelial cell line derived from normal rat small intestine. Round "wounds" were made in confluent monolayers of IEC-6 by silicon rubber-tipped steel rods and various cytokines; transforming growth factor α (TGF-α), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and HGF, were added. We photographed the repaired monolayers every 24 h and calculated the ratios of areas not covered by cells to initial areas. Cell proliferation with TGF-α, TGF-β, KGF, or HGF was examined in terms of [3H]-thymidine uptake. Finally, we determined c-met (the HGF receptor) mRNA in the IEC-6 cells by Northern blot hybridization. HGF was the most potent of the cytokines in accelerating repair of the damaged monolayer of IEC-6. HGF was also 1.34 times more effective than control the medium for inducing cell proliferation of IEC-6. By Northern blot hybridization, three bands of mRNA bound to c-met cDNA. These results suggest that HGF is important in the repair of the small intestine.