Ondansetron dosing in pediatric gastroenteritis: A prospective cohort, dose-response study

被引：16

作者：

Freedman S.B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Powell E.C. ^{[3
]}

Nava-Ocampo A.A. ^{[4
,5
,6
]}

Finkelstein Y. ^{[1
,4
,7
]}

机构：

[1] Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8

[2] Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON

[3] Childrens Memorial Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Universitys Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

[4] Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON

[5] PharmaReasons, Toronto, ON

[6] Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON

[7] Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Childrens Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

来源：

Pediatric Drugs | 2010年 / 12卷 / 6期

关键词：

Antiemetics; therapeutic use; Children; Dose-response; Gastroenteritis; treatment; Ondansetron;

D O I：

10.2165/11537770-000000000-00000

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

Background: Ondansetron is increasingly used to prevent emesis in children with acute gastroenteritis; however, the optimal dose is unknown. Objective: To determine if higher doses of oral ondansetron are associated with greater efficacy or side effects. Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective clinical trial performed between January 2004 and April 2005. Data were collected on 105 children with dehydration due to gastroenteritis who received an ondansetron oral disintegrating formulation. The following outcomes of efficacy were analyzed: number of vomiting episodes, volume of oral rehydration fluids consumed, percent weight gain, and the proportions of children who had ongoing vomiting, received intravenous rehydration, and were hospitalized. In addition, the number of episodes of diarrhea was evaluated to measure whether there were dose-dependent side effects. Results: Participants were aged 0.5-8.2 years and the dose ranged between 0.13 and 0.26mg/kg. There was no significant association between the dose of ondansetron and the outcomes of number of vomiting episodes, volume of fluids consumed, increase in bodyweight, or number of diarrhea episodes/hour. The mean dose of ondansetron (mg/kg) administered was not different amongst those who did and did not have ongoing vomiting, undergo hospitalization, and receive intravenous rehydration. Conclusions: Within the dose range of 0.13-0.26mg/kg, higher doses of ondansetron were not superior to lower doses, nor were they associated with increased side effects. Thus, ondansetron in this dose range was shown to result in a similar reduction in emesis in children with acute gastroenteritis. © 2010 Adis Data Information BV. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：405 / 410

页数：5

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