Review on MANET Based Communication for Search and Rescue Operations

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are defined as a collection of wireless mobile nodes that are characterized as independent, dynamic, self-adaptive and infrastructure less. This mobility and dynamic in nature of MANET urge for new set of networking strategies to be implemented so as to provide efficient communication during natural disaster. Mobile crowd management is yet an emerging new exploration for search and rescue (SAR) operations. The phase of catastrophic management has communication to play a vital role. In MANETs, the end nodes communicate through the TCP/IP protocol. The layers of TCP/IP model change frequently due to mobility and resource overhead. This makes routing in MANETs one of the challenging research area. This review provides an overview of MANET based routing protocols employed for communication during SAR operations. The main purpose of this survey is to provide taxonomy on communication strategies of MANETs during disaster and emergency situation. Furthermore, this paper examines the existing MANET based SAR techniques and the significant contribution made by researches in the past few years based upon routing protocol, communication techniques, type of infrastructure and phase of disaster management.