Study on chuck performance of ultra-precision machine tool based on CFRP pair bionic structure

Based on the hardness inspiration of the tortoise structure, this study analyzes the innovative application of the parts of ultra-precision machine tools. Aiming at the problems of machining accuracy, efficiency, and machine cost of ultra-precision machine tools, an innovative design and analysis of chuck of ultra-precision machine tools based on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer and its application to turtle shell structure is proposed. Firstly, the G-element model of carbon fiber composites is deduced and analyzed by layered experiments. Secondly, the original parts of ultra-precision machine tool are simulated and analyzed, and the main sixth-order modal of carbon fiber turtle shell structure is deduced. Finally, the structural parameters of carbon fiber composite “turtle shell” were applied to the surface of chuck claw of ultra-precision machine tool, and the results were compared and analyzed. The results show that the maximum displacements of the chuck are all located at the front of the chuck and the maximum displacements and stresses of the chuck are smaller than those of the original chuck. The maximum stress is the most obvious, the difference is about 240.27 MPa, and the first-order mode increases by 23.4% compared with the original mode. The overall relative mass was reduced by 61.2%.