Planktonic foraminiferal extinction pattern, evolution, turnover, and geochemical anomalies across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary (K/Pg) in Izeh (Zagros Basin, SW Iran)

被引:0
作者
Dalila Zaghbib-Turki
Bijan Beiranvand
机构
[1] University of Tunis El Manar,Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geology
[2] Research Institute of Petroleum Industry,Petroleum Geology Department, Exploration and Production Division
来源
Arabian Journal of Geosciences | 2017年 / 10卷
关键词
K/Pg boundary; Planktonic foraminifera; Extinction; Survivorship; Evolution; Turnover; Stable isotopes; Trace elements;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
In the Izeh section (Zagros Basin, SW Iran), about two third of the planktonic foraminiferal species, representing less than 20% of the individuals, present in the Maastrichtian polytaxic assemblages, became suddenly extinct at the K/Pg boundary. This mass species extinction testifies end-Cretaceous catastrophic bioevent. The Cretaceous species remain became apparently extinct gradually during the earliest Danian. In fact the unkeeled globotruncanids (Globotruncanella and Rugoglobigerina) as well as the small heterohelicids (Heterohelix and Pseudoguembelina) were also affected by extinction and they were reworked in the basal Danian. Except guembelitriids which persisted longer time. The sudden species extinctions were selective, eliminating geographically restricted large, complex, and deeper dwelling forms (i.e., globotruncanids and large heterohelicids). Contrary, few cosmopolitan small, simple surface-subsurface dwellers (i.e., guembelitriids among small heterohelicids and hedbergellids) crossed the K/Pg boundary and survived the catastrophic event. This selective bioevent is related to the end-Cretaceous bolide and produced ejecta impact inducing major environmental changes as decrease in temperature, collapse of nutriment, and flow breakdown in the water mass stratification. Our geochemical results (δ13C negative shift, δ 18O positive shift, and trace elements anomalies) are consistent with the cooling due to the collision winter triggering collapse of nutriment. Especially the δ 18O values across the upper Maastrichtian and the K-Pg transition in Izeh section although they are lower; they report similar fluctuations to those in El Kef section. Thus these lower values may be indicative of somewhat warmer water at the sea floor. Besides, like as elsewhere, in Izeh, this Cretaceous end catastrophic bioevent is followed by a delayed gradual recovery. Thus, immediately after the K/Pg boundary was created a nearly empty niche in which persisted few Cretaceous survivors with dwarf individuals. These survivors despite they suffered very stressful environmental conditions, they constituted the root stock of globigerinids from which the Cenozoic planktonic foraminiferal species evolved and developed carnivorous food diet.
引用
收藏
相关论文
共 371 条
[1]  
Açıkalin S(2015)Geochemical and palaeontological characterization of a new K-Pg boundary locality from the Northern branch of the Neo-Tethys: Mudurnu-Göynük Basin, NW Turkey Cretac Res 52 251-267
[2]  
Vellekoop J(2004)Regional stratigraphy of the Zagros fold-thrust belt of Iran and its proforeland evolution Am J Sci 304 1-20
[3]  
Ocakoglu F(2004)Paleoenvironmental recovery after the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary crisis: evidence from the marine Bidart section (SW France) Palaios 19 574-586
[4]  
Yılmaz IO(2012)End-Cretaceous marine mass extinction not caused by productivity collapse Proc Natl Acad Sci 109 728-732
[5]  
Smit J(1980)Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction: experimental results and theoretical interpretation Science 208 1095-1108
[6]  
Altıner SO(1997)Analysis of uppermost Cretaceous–lowermost Tertiary hemipelagic successions in the Basque Country (western Pyrenees): evidence for a sudden extinction of more than half of the planktic foraminifer species at the K/T boundary Bull Soc Geol Fr 168 783-793
[7]  
Goderis S(2000)An independent test of planktic foraminiferal turnover across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/P) boundary at El Kef, Tunisia: catastrophic mass extinction and possible survivorship Micropaleontology 46 31-49
[8]  
Vonhof H(2002)Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary planktonic foraminiferal mass extinction and biochronology at La Ceiba, Bochil, México, and El Kef, Tunisia Geol Soc Am Spec Publ 356 253-264
[9]  
Speijer RP(2002)Quantifying the evolutionary turnover across the K-T boundary catastrophic planktic foraminiferal extinction event at El Kef Tunisia Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar (GFF) 124 121-125
[10]  
Woelders L(2004)A new high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal zonation and subzonation for the lower Danian Lethaia 37 79-95