Low-Loss UWB mm-Wave Monopole Antenna Using Patch Size Enhancement for Next-Generation (5G and Beyond) Communications

In this work, a compact, edge-fed modified rectangular patch size, monopole, and ultra-wideband antenna has been presented for their good suitability to millimeter (mm) wave and upper sub-6 GHz frequency range (FR2) for next-generation (5G and beyond) communications. The patch size enhancement approach has been utilized without affecting the original size of the substrate and rectangular patch. The technique provides better impedance matching at the designed frequency of 32.5 GHz. The minimum acceptable gain for an antenna to work well is 5 dBi. The proposed design achieves peak gain of 5.43 dBi and 10.86 dBi at two resonance frequencies of 32.5 GHz and 48.12 GHz within the specified ultra-wideband (UWB). The antenna has low loss as it is fabricated on a compact Rogers RT Duroid 5880 of thickness 1.6 mm. The measured reflection coefficients are found in good agreement with the simulated one. The resultant performance parameters like radiation pattern, reflection coefficient, peak gain, and − 10 dB bandwidth reveal that the antenna performs excellently within 26 to 40 GHz with excellent impedance matching at the resonance frequency. At higher frequencies, the time domain response of the proposed design is also presented. The RLC electrical equivalent circuit of the proposed design is presented at the end and validated using ADS software.