Osteocompatible Zinc-Copper Substituted Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Biocomposites for Bone Tissue Regeneration

PurposeThe main purposes of this study were to explore a unique approach for producing nano-hierarchical morphological hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and to evaluate its potential applications in the field of biomedicine, specifically in orthopedics and orthodontics. The research question was whether using glucose 6-phosphate biomolecules as an organic phosphorus source through the pulsed ultrasonic process could generate n-HA nanoparticles with exceptional morphology.MethodsThe researchers employed the pulsed ultrasonochemical process to produce n-HA nanoparticles. The morphologies of the nanoparticles were examined using SEM and TEM techniques. The phase, structure, and composition of the nanoparticles were analyzed through DLS, XRD, XPS, and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Biological evaluation experiments were conducted to assess the survivability and adhesion of the n-HA nanoparticles to osteoblast cells.ResultsThe study found that the morphologies of the n-HA nanoparticles generated varied significantly with alterations in the pulsed ultrasonic settings. SEM and TEM analyses provided visual evidence of the unique nano-hierarchical morphology of the nanoparticles. DLS, Zeta potential, XRD, XPS, and FTIR spectroscopy techniques confirmed the phase, structure, and composition of the n-HA nanoparticles. The biological evaluation experiments indicated that the nanoparticles exhibited favorable survivability and adhesion to osteoblast cells.ConclusionsThis study successfully developed a method for producing nano-hierarchical morphological hydroxyapatite using glucose 6-phosphate biomolecules as an organic phosphorus source through the pulsed ultrasonochemical process. The n-HA nanoparticles generated displayed exceptional morphology and exhibited favorable survivability and adhesion to osteoblast cells. Therefore, these nanoparticles hold promise for potential applications in biomedical fields, particularly in orthopedics and orthodontics.