Assessment of water quality of Rawal Lake by long-time monitoring

被引:0
作者
Abdul Razzaq Ghumman
机构
[1] UET,Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering
[2] Al Qassim University,undefined
来源
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment | 2011年 / 180卷
关键词
Rawal Lake; Environmental; Management; Water quality; Pakistan;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Water quality of rivers, natural lakes, and reservoirs in developing countries is being degraded because of the contaminated inflows. There is a serious need for appropriate water quality monitoring for future planning and management of clean water resources. Quality of water in Rawal Lake Pakistan has been investigated in this paper. Flows from the upstream of Rawal Lake and its surrounding villages are highly polluted. Lake water quality parameters like pH, turbidity, alkalinity, calcium, nitrite, sulfate, biological oxygen dissolved, dissolved oxygen, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), and coliforms were investigated. Samples of water from different locations of Korang River were collected and tested. Most of the data was collected by field sampling and field visits. However, long-term information was taken from different departments. Statistical parameters (standard deviation, maximum, minimum, mean, mode, kurtosis, skew, and Euclidean distance) of variables were determined. A distinct parameter based on the difference of the maximum value the variable and maximum allowable value of that variable defined by World Health Organization was used for analysis. Grouping and clustering of elements was made on the basis of this parameter. Trend of increasing or decreasing of values of variables over a long time was also taken into account for grouping the variables. It was concluded that the concentration of seven contaminants was higher as compared to the permissible limits under environmental standards. These variables need immediate attention. The environmentally bad conditions of Rawal Lake can only be rectified by appropriate lake environmental supervision, watershed management, and implementation of environmental legislation.
引用
收藏
页码:115 / 126
页数:11
相关论文
共 91 条
  • [1] Abbas FM(2008)Assessment of surface water through multivariate analysis Journal of Sustainable Development 1 27-32
  • [2] Anees A(2005)Pesticide residues in Rawal Lake, Islamabad, Pakistan Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 76 463-470
  • [3] Norli I(2007)The changing face of the Ethiopian rift lakes: Call of the time Lakes and reservoirs: Research and Management 12 149-165
  • [4] Azhar ME(2010)Assessment of the Uvod reservoir pollution with heavy metals Journal of Water Resources (ISSN0097–8078) 37 58-64
  • [5] Khalid O(2010)Organochlorine compounds in bottom sediments, benthos, and fish in the volga pool of the rybinsk reservoir Journal of Water Resources (ISSN0097–8078) 37 84-88
  • [6] Ahad K(2010)Analysis of the environmental impact on a stream: Is only tannery to blame? Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 38 170-177
  • [7] Mohammad A(2009)Study of variations in water quality of Mumbai Coast through multivariate analysis technique Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 86 297-307
  • [8] Mehboob F(2010)Seasonal variations of dissolved inorganic nutrients transported to the Linjiang Bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 41 1981-1987
  • [9] Sattar A(2008)Cluster analysis and quality assessment of logged water at an irrigation project, eastern Saudi Arabia Journal of Environmental Management 72 301-309
  • [10] Ahmad I(2009)Analysis of pesticides residues of Rawal and Simly Lakes Pakistan Journal of Botany 146 225-234