Control of the ferroelectric and electrical properties of Nd substituted bismuth titanate ceramics

Nd-doped bismuth titanate Bi4−xNdxTi3O12 ceramics were prepared by a solid state reaction method. The effects of Nd doping on ferroelectric and electrical properties were investigated. With Nd substitution for Bi ion, a BNdT single-phase with Bi-layered perovskite was confirmed. The Nd doping decreased the dissipation factor (tanδ) and the dc conductivity, and increased the dielectric constant and the remanent polarization. A small Nd doping on Bi4Ti3O12 leads to a higher remanent polarization and improves the ferroelectric properties.