Optimizing the Clinical Use of Carvedilol in Liver Cirrhosis Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach

[1] Verbeeck RK(2008)Pharmacokinetics and dosage adjustment in patients with hepatic dysfunction Eur J Clin Pharmacol 64 1147-1161

[2] Morgan DJ(1995)Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in patients with liver disease. An update Clin Pharmacokinet. 29 370-391

[3] McLean AJ(2013)Dose selection based on physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) approaches AAPS J 15 377-387

[4] Jones HM(2008)Physiology-based simulations of a pathological condition: prediction of pharmacokinetics in patients with liver cirrhosis Clin Pharmacokinet 47 743-752

[5] Mayawala K(2010)A semi-mechanistic model to predict the effects of liver cirrhosis on drug clearance Clin Pharmacokinet 49 189-206

[6] Poulin P(2012)Simulation of the pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol in healthy adults and patients with impaired renal function using whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling Acta Pharmacol Sin 33 1359-1371

[7] Edginton AN(2015)A physiologically based pharmacokinetic drug-disease model to predict carvedilol exposure in adult and paediatric heart failure patients by incorporating pathophysiological changes in hepatic and renal blood flows Clin Pharmacokinet 54 943-962

[8] Willmann S(2014)Beta-blockers in liver cirrhosis Ann Gastroenterol Q Publ Hell Soc Gastroenterol. 27 20-26

[9] Johnson TN(2008)The management of portal hypertension: rational basis, available treatments and future options J Hepatol 48 S68-S92

[10] Boussery K(2010)Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension J Hepatol. 53 762-768

[1] Verbeeck RK(2008)Pharmacokinetics and dosage adjustment in patients with hepatic dysfunction Eur J Clin Pharmacol 64 1147-1161

[2] Morgan DJ(1995)Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations in patients with liver disease. An update Clin Pharmacokinet. 29 370-391

[3] McLean AJ(2013)Dose selection based on physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) approaches AAPS J 15 377-387

[4] Jones HM(2008)Physiology-based simulations of a pathological condition: prediction of pharmacokinetics in patients with liver cirrhosis Clin Pharmacokinet 47 743-752

[5] Mayawala K(2010)A semi-mechanistic model to predict the effects of liver cirrhosis on drug clearance Clin Pharmacokinet 49 189-206

[6] Poulin P(2012)Simulation of the pharmacokinetics of bisoprolol in healthy adults and patients with impaired renal function using whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling Acta Pharmacol Sin 33 1359-1371

[7] Edginton AN(2015)A physiologically based pharmacokinetic drug-disease model to predict carvedilol exposure in adult and paediatric heart failure patients by incorporating pathophysiological changes in hepatic and renal blood flows Clin Pharmacokinet 54 943-962

[8] Willmann S(2014)Beta-blockers in liver cirrhosis Ann Gastroenterol Q Publ Hell Soc Gastroenterol. 27 20-26

[9] Johnson TN(2008)The management of portal hypertension: rational basis, available treatments and future options J Hepatol 48 S68-S92

[10] Boussery K(2010)Revising consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno V consensus workshop on methodology of diagnosis and therapy in portal hypertension J Hepatol. 53 762-768