Joint Estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB System Using a Successive MUSIC Algorithm

Time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA) are key parameters in the impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) positioning system with a two-antennas receiver. A two-dimensional (2D) multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm, which requires the 2D spectral peak search, can be used to estimate the parameters, but it has much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive MUSIC algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak search. The proposed algorithm obtains the initial estimate of TOA corresponding to the first antenna via Root-MUSIC, and simplifies the 2D global search into successive one-dimensional searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas. It then estimates the DOA parameters via the difference of the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm can get the parameters paired automatically, and has a much lower complexity than 2D-MUSIC algorithm. In addition, we have derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer–Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in the paper. The simulation results show that the parameter estimation performance of the proposed algorithm is better than that of Root-MUSIC, and is almost the same as that of 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Moreover, it has much better performance than matrix pencil algorithm, propagator method and estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm.