Aortic preadipocyte differentiation into adipocytes induced by rosiglitazone in an in vitro model

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a key transcription factor for adipocyte differentiation. Preadipocyte differentiation into adipocytes from precursors in blood vessels is an important issue related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; however, it has been poorly studied because of lack of experimental models. Our aim was to evaluate the potential of primary outgrowths derived from rat aortic rings as a model for studying the preadipocyte differentiation from aortic precursors induced by thiazolidinediones, which are exogenous ligands for PPARγ. Cell outgrowths derived from rat aortic rings were cultured and incubated with rosiglitazone at 1–1,000 nM; presence of lipid droplets was evaluated by oil red O staining. Rosiglitazone at 100 nM exerted a clear adipogenic effect inferred from the cells filled with fine and medium size lipidic droplets; this effect was extreme at 1,000 nM with cells showing lipidic macrodroplets. These results showed that cultures derived from aortic rings are a useful model for studying arterial preadipocyte differentiation.