Distally Based Pedicled Fibula Flap for Reconstruction of Distal Tibia After Oncological Resection: A Case Series and Review of Literature

Reconstruction of distal tibial defects pose a difficult challenge because the bone is subcutaneous and close to the tendons and neurovascular bundles. Distally based pedicled fibula with retrograde flow can be used for the reconstruction of distal tibial defects. This is based on the communicating branch of the peroneal artery to the posterior tibial artery. We present three cases of distal tibia primary tumours which were resected and reconstructed using recycled autograft plus distally based pedicled fibula and ankle arthrodesis. This pedicled retrograde fibula flap is a novel technique for the reconstruction of distal tibial defects after oncological resections. It provides a vascularized graft without the need for microvascular surgery and without violating the normal limb. Meticulous dissection of and preservation of the communicating branches between the peroneal artery and the posterior tibial artery with confirmation of retrograde flow before dividing the proximal peroneal pedicle is sine quo non for the success of this graft. This flap overcomes the drawback of the limited arc of rotation and limited reach of proximal pedicle-based flap for distal tibial reconstruction. Long-term functional outcomes, limb shortening associated with this flap, and its effect on functional outcomes remain to be ascertained.