Policies to Promote Active Travel: Evidence from Reviews of the Literature

被引：116
作者：
Winters M. [1 ]
Buehler R. [2 ]
Götschi T. [3 ]
机构：
[1] Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Blusson Hall Rm 11522, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, V5A 1S6, BC
[2] School of Public and International Affairs, Virginia Tech, 1021 Prince Street, Suite 200, Alexandria, 22301, VA
[3] Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, Zurich
来源：
Current Environmental Health Reports | 2017年 / 4卷 / 3期
关键词：
Active travel; Bicycle; Bicycling; Policy; Walking;
D O I：
10.1007/s40572-017-0148-x
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Purpose of review: While many levels of government recognize that walking and cycling (active travel) are critical to healthy cities, a continued challenge is to identify and prioritize strategies that will increase walking and cycling for transportation. We review evidence on policies that can increase active travel. Recent findings: The reviews included here conclude that policies related to active travel may operate at various levels of the socio-ecological framework, including society, cities, routes or individuals. The provision of convenient, safe and connected walking and cycling infrastructure is at the core of promoting active travel, but policies may work best when implemented in comprehensive packages. Summary: There is strong evidence that active travel can result in substantial health benefits. However, there remains considerable uncertainty about the exact effects of specific policies on walking or cycling rates or safety. Further research is needed to quantify the impact of specific policies or packages of policies, especially across different settings or for different population segments. © 2017, Springer International Publishing AG.
引用
收藏
页码：278 / 285
页数：7
相关论文
共 55 条
  • [1] Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report, (2008)
  • [2] Kelly P., Kahlmeier S., Gotschi T., Orsini N., Richards J., Roberts N., Scarborough P., Foster C., Systematic review and meta-analysis of reduction in all-cause mortality from walking and cycling and shape of dose response relationship, Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 11, (2014)
  • [3] Oja P., Titze S., Bauman A., de Geus B., Krenn P., Reger-Nash B., Kohlberger T., Health benefits of cycling: a systematic review, Scand J Med Sci Sports, 21, pp. 496-509, (2011)
  • [4] Saunders L.E., Green J.M., Petticrew M.P., Steinbach R., Roberts H., What are the health benefits of active travel? A systematic review of trials and cohort studies, PLoS One, 8, (2013)
  • [5] Woodcock J., Franco O.H., Orsini N., Roberts I., Non-vigorous physical activity and all-cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies, Int J Epidemiol, 40, pp. 121-138, (2011)
  • [6] Hamer M., Chida Y., Active commuting and cardiovascular risk: a meta-analytic review, Prev Med (Baltim), 46, pp. 9-13, (2008)
  • [7] Hamer M., Chida Y., Walking and primary prevention: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies, Br J Sports Med, 42, pp. 238-243, (2008)
  • [8] Doorley R., Pakrashi V., Ghosh B., Quantifying the health impacts of active travel: assessment of methodologies, Transp Rev, 35, pp. 559-582, (2015)
  • [9] Mueller N., Rojas-Rueda D., Cole-Hunter T., de Nazelle A., Dons E., Gerike R., Gotschi T., Int Panis L., Kahlmeier S., Nieuwenhuijsen M., Health impact assessment of active transportation: a systematic review, Prev Med (Baltim), 76, pp. 103-114, (2015)
  • [10] Teschke K., Reynolds C.C.O., Ries F.J., Gouge B., Winters M., Bicycling: health risk or benefit?, UBC Med J, 3, pp. 6-11, (2012)
123456