Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells through protein kinases A and C activation

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on embryonic chicken ovarian germ cell proliferation and its possible involvements of protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC) pathways. Ovarian cells were treated with FSH alone or in the presence of forskolin (FRSK), PKA inhibitor (H89), PKC activator (PMA) or inhibitor (H7). The germ cell number was counted from micropictures. The immunocytochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was applied to identify the proliferating cells. The germ cell labeling index (LI) was determined for cell proliferation. The FSH treatment increased the germ cell number, and this stimulating effect was enhanced by FRSK or PMA, but inhibited by H89 or H7 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the PCNA-LI showed parallel changes with germ cell numbers. This study suggests that FSH may stimulate proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells by activation of both the PKA and PKC signaling pathways.