The Microbiome in Obesity, Diabetes, and NAFLD: What is Your Gut Telling Us?

被引：5

作者：

Leon A. Adams

Mark Morrison

机构：

[1] M503, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Campus, Verdun St, Nedlands, 6009, WA

[2] Department of Hepatology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, 6009, WA

[3] Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia

[4] The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, 4102, QLD

来源：

Current Hepatology Reports | 2016年 / 15卷 / 2期

关键词：

Bacteria; Gut; Mechanisms; Meta-genomics; Metabolome; Pyrosequencing;

D O I：

10.1007/s11901-016-0299-5

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The gut microbiota has considerable complexity and is influenced by multiple factors including host genetics and diet as well as metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Despite animal studies demonstrating the gut microbiota may play a significant pathogenic role in these conditions, the exact mechanisms and host-bacterial interactions responsible remain cryptic. Reductions in the relative abundance of bacteria Clostridium leptum and coccoides groups, including Roseburia and Eubacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, are implicated to protect against obesity and diabetes. The mucin-utilizing bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila has also been shown in animal models to have “protective” effects against obesity. Similarly, in animal and clinical studies of NAFLD, increased levels of Ruminococcus and Escherichia spp. have been documented, although their overall significance is unclear. Constraints in our understanding of cause- versus consequence relationships may be overcome in the future by utilizing “rationally designed” microbial consortia in small animal models. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016.

引用

页码：96 / 102

页数：6

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