Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) water extract alleviates palmitate-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 hepatocytes via the activation of IRS1/PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 and GSK-3β signaling pathway

[1] Henderson GC(2021)Plasma free fatty acid concentration as a modifiable risk factor for metabolic disease Nutrients 13 2590-603

[2] Burgos-Moron E(2019)Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: the battle continues J Clin Med 8 1385-406

[3] Abad-Jimenez Z(2012)Lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells results in two distinct outcomes: adaptation with enhanced insulin signaling or insulin resistance Endocrinology 153 2164-2177

[4] Maranon AM(2015)Role of hepatocyte S6K1 in palmitic acid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and in oleic acid-induced protection Food Chem Toxicol 80 298-309

[5] Iannantuoni F(2023)Natural product skatole ameliorates lipotoxicity-induced multiple hepatic damage under hyperlipidemic conditions in hepatocytes Nutrients 15 1490-06

[6] Escribano-Lopez I(2016)Hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism Diabetologia 59 1098-1103

[7] Lopez-Domenech S(2017)Unraveling the Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin Trends Endocrinol Metab 28 497-505

[8] Achard CS(2008)The role of FoxO in the regulation of metabolism Oncogene 27 2320-2336

[9] Laybutt DR(2015)GLUT2, glucose sensing and glucose homeostasis Diabetologia 58 221-232

[10] Pardo V(2022)Glycogen synthesis and beyond, a comprehensive review of GSK3 as a key regulator of metabolic pathways and a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases Med Res Rev 42 946-982

[1] Henderson GC(2021)Plasma free fatty acid concentration as a modifiable risk factor for metabolic disease Nutrients 13 2590-603

[2] Burgos-Moron E(2019)Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: the battle continues J Clin Med 8 1385-406

[3] Abad-Jimenez Z(2012)Lipid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells results in two distinct outcomes: adaptation with enhanced insulin signaling or insulin resistance Endocrinology 153 2164-2177

[4] Maranon AM(2015)Role of hepatocyte S6K1 in palmitic acid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and in oleic acid-induced protection Food Chem Toxicol 80 298-309

[5] Iannantuoni F(2023)Natural product skatole ameliorates lipotoxicity-induced multiple hepatic damage under hyperlipidemic conditions in hepatocytes Nutrients 15 1490-06

[6] Escribano-Lopez I(2016)Hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism Diabetologia 59 1098-1103

[7] Lopez-Domenech S(2017)Unraveling the Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Insulin Trends Endocrinol Metab 28 497-505

[8] Achard CS(2008)The role of FoxO in the regulation of metabolism Oncogene 27 2320-2336

[9] Laybutt DR(2015)GLUT2, glucose sensing and glucose homeostasis Diabetologia 58 221-232

[10] Pardo V(2022)Glycogen synthesis and beyond, a comprehensive review of GSK3 as a key regulator of metabolic pathways and a therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases Med Res Rev 42 946-982