Tobacco dependence is associated with increased risk for multi-morbid clustering of posttraumatic stress disorder, depressive disorder, and pain among post-9/11 deployed veterans

[1] Agaku IT(2014)Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2005-2012 Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 63 29-34

[2] King BA(1998)Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample Psychol Assess 10 176-181

[3] Dube SR(1997)Prevalence and correlates of heavy smoking in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder Addict Behav 22 637-647

[4] Antony MM(2000)A second look at comorbidity in victims of trauma: the posttraumatic stress disorder–major depression connection Biol Psychiatry 48 902-909

[5] Bieling PJ(2015)Multi-component smoking cessation treatment including mobile contingency management for smoking cessation in homeless veteran smokers J Clin Psychiatry 76 959-964

[6] Cox BJ(2014)Reduced cortical thickness in veterans exposed to early life trauma Psychiatry Res 223 53-60

[7] Enns MW(2016)Cigarette smoking and sociodemographic, military, and health characteristics of operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom veterans: 2009-2011 national health study for a new generation of us veterans Public Health Rep 131 714-727

[8] Swinson RP(2011)Pain, nicotine, and smoking: research findings and mechanistic considerations Psychol Bull 137 1065-1093

[9] Beckham JC(2005)Core outcome measures for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations Pain 113 9-19

[10] Kirby AC(2010)Research design considerations for confirmatory chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations Pain 149 177-193

[1] Agaku IT(2014)Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2005-2012 Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 63 29-34

[2] King BA(1998)Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample Psychol Assess 10 176-181

[3] Dube SR(1997)Prevalence and correlates of heavy smoking in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder Addict Behav 22 637-647

[4] Antony MM(2000)A second look at comorbidity in victims of trauma: the posttraumatic stress disorder–major depression connection Biol Psychiatry 48 902-909

[5] Bieling PJ(2015)Multi-component smoking cessation treatment including mobile contingency management for smoking cessation in homeless veteran smokers J Clin Psychiatry 76 959-964

[6] Cox BJ(2014)Reduced cortical thickness in veterans exposed to early life trauma Psychiatry Res 223 53-60

[7] Enns MW(2016)Cigarette smoking and sociodemographic, military, and health characteristics of operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom veterans: 2009-2011 national health study for a new generation of us veterans Public Health Rep 131 714-727

[8] Swinson RP(2011)Pain, nicotine, and smoking: research findings and mechanistic considerations Psychol Bull 137 1065-1093

[9] Beckham JC(2005)Core outcome measures for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations Pain 113 9-19

[10] Kirby AC(2010)Research design considerations for confirmatory chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations Pain 149 177-193