Streptomyces bryophytorum sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from moss (Bryophyta)

A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-HZ10T was isolated from moss and characterised using a polyphasic approach. The strain was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus Streptomyces. Strain NEAU-HZ10T formed grayish aerial mycelia, which differentiated into straight to flexuous chains of cylindrical spores. The cell wall peptidoglycan was found to contain ll-diaminopimelic acid. Predominant menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8). The polar lipid profile was found to consist of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two unidentified phospholipids. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C16:0, anteiso-C15:0 and C16:0. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-HZ10T belongs to the genus Streptomyces and exhibits high sequence similarity to Streptomyces cocklensis DSM 42063T (98.9 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-HZ10T clustered with S. cocklensis DSM 42063T, Streptomyces yeochonensis CGMCC 4.1882T (98.7 %), Streptomyces paucisporeus CGMCC 4.2025T (98.4 %) and Streptomyces yanglinensis CGMCC 4.2023T (98.1 %). However, a combination of DNA–DNA hybridisation results and some phenotypic characteristics indicated that strain NEAU-HZ10T can be distinguished from its phylogenetically closely related strains. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-HZ10T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces bryophytorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-HZ10T (= CGMCC 4.7151T = DSM 42138T).