Miniaturization of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite Communication: A Novel Fractal Geometry Approach

This article proposes a novel design based on fractal geometries to miniaturize the antenna. The proposed geometry is inspired from a combination of two fractal geometries, Giuseppe Peano and Minkowski fractal geometry. The dielectric material used is Roggers TMM4 lossy, with a dielectric constant of εr = 4.5 the proposed geometry shows miniaturization by shifting the lowest resonant frequency towards the lower frequency side. The geometry is made by addition of the scaled version of base geometry at the vertices and reducing the total dimension so as to maintain the outer dimensions constant. The maximum achieved miniaturization in terms of % is 37.25%. The detailed study for different scaling ratios and different iterations has been performed and mentioned in the paper.