Access routes for transcatheter aortic valve implantation

BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement as a treatment option for high-grade aortic valve stenosis in the sense of a disruptive technology, underwent impressive progress during the last decade. For inoperable patients and patients at high risk for complications in conventional surgery, this is the treatment option of choice and the transfemoral access is the most important. Nevertheless, alternative access sites are still of decisive importance within the framework of appropriate indications.ObjectiveThe purpose of the present article is to give an overview of important practical aspects regarding the various access sites for transcatheter aortic valve replacement.Material and methodsReview of the currently available literature and visual demonstration of important theoretical and practical aspects of the different access sites.Results and conclusionThe ability to master interventional techniques for carrying out transcatheter aortic valve implantation regardless of the access site, is an integral component of the spectrum of cardiac surgeons. Not only the theoretical know-how but also practical skills are of decisive importance for professional patient care.