Implementation of Quantum Logic Gates Using Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates

In this work, we are interested in the implementation of single-qubit gates on coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The system, a feasible candidate for a qubit, consists of condensed atoms in different hyperfine levels coupled by a two-photon transition. It is well established that the dynamics of coupled BECs can be described by the two-mode Hamiltonian that takes into account the confinement potential of the trap and the effects of collisions associated with each condensate. Other effects, such as collisions between atoms belonging to different BECs and detuning, are included in this approach. We demonstrate how to implement two types of quantum logic gates: population-transfer gates (NOT, Ŷ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\hat {Y}$\end{document}, and Hadamard), which require a population inversion between hyperfine levels, and phase gates (Ẑ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\hat {Z}$\end{document}, Ŝ\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\hat {S}$\end{document}, and T̂\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\hat {T}$\end{document}), which require self-trapping. We also discuss the experimental feasibility by evaluating the robustness of quantum gates against variations of physical parameters outside of the ideal conditions for the implementation of each quantum logic gate.