Reproductive isolation and disruptive selection as factors of genetic divergence between Pinus sylvestris L. populations

Generalizations are made on the basis of results obtained in the course of long-term, stationary quantitative studies on phenogenetic divergence of P. sylvestris populations growing in an upland bog and the adjacent dry land area in the pre-forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. Contrasting differences between the two edaphoecotopes and almost complete phenological reproductive isolation of populations from year to year are demonstrated. It has been found that root morphogenesis in the F1 progeny of pine from the bog population grown under uniform ecological conditions in the dry land area is characterized by elimination of the vertical phenotype, with the alternative lateral phenotype type being dominant in 7- to 22-year seedlings. Significant allozyme differentiation and distinct chorological boundary between the dry-land and bog populations have been revealed. The hypothesis of their genetic divergence in the Holocene is proposed, with this phenomenon being explained by the cumulative effect of disruptive selection and strict reproductive isolation in two contrasting environments.