Both passive leg raising and intravascular volume expansion improve sublingual microcirculatory perfusion in severe sepsis and septic shock patients

[1] Trzeciak S(2008)Resuscitating the microcirculation in sepsis: the central role of nitric oxide, emerging concepts for novel therapies, and challenges for clinical trials Acad Emerg Med 15 399-413

[2] Cinel I(2002)Microvascular blood flow is altered in patients with sepsis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166 98-104

[3] Phillip Dellinger R(2004)Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock Crit Care Med 32 1825-1831

[4] Shapiro NI(2007)Early microcirculatory perfusion derangements in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: relationship to hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and survival Ann Emerg Med 49 88-98

[5] Arnold RC(2008)Early increases in microcirculatory perfusion during protocol-directed resuscitation are associated with reduced multi-organ failure at 24 h in patients with sepsis Intensive Care Med 34 2210-2217

[6] Parrillo JE(2006)The effects of dobutamine on microcirculatory alterations in patients with septic shock are independent of its systemic effects Crit Care Med 34 403-408

[7] Hollenberg SM(2001)Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock N Engl J Med 345 1368-1377

[8] De Backer D(2008)Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008 Intensive Care Med 34 17-60

[9] Creteur J(2006)Mechanotransduction and the homeostatic significance of maintaining blood viscosity in hypotension, hypertension and haemorrhage J Intern Med 259 364-372

[10] Preiser JC(2007)Diagnosis of central hypovolemia by using passive leg raising Intensive Care Med 33 1133-1138

[1] Trzeciak S(2008)Resuscitating the microcirculation in sepsis: the central role of nitric oxide, emerging concepts for novel therapies, and challenges for clinical trials Acad Emerg Med 15 399-413

[2] Cinel I(2002)Microvascular blood flow is altered in patients with sepsis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166 98-104

[3] Phillip Dellinger R(2004)Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock Crit Care Med 32 1825-1831

[4] Shapiro NI(2007)Early microcirculatory perfusion derangements in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: relationship to hemodynamics, oxygen transport, and survival Ann Emerg Med 49 88-98

[5] Arnold RC(2008)Early increases in microcirculatory perfusion during protocol-directed resuscitation are associated with reduced multi-organ failure at 24 h in patients with sepsis Intensive Care Med 34 2210-2217

[6] Parrillo JE(2006)The effects of dobutamine on microcirculatory alterations in patients with septic shock are independent of its systemic effects Crit Care Med 34 403-408

[7] Hollenberg SM(2001)Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock N Engl J Med 345 1368-1377

[8] De Backer D(2008)Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008 Intensive Care Med 34 17-60

[9] Creteur J(2006)Mechanotransduction and the homeostatic significance of maintaining blood viscosity in hypotension, hypertension and haemorrhage J Intern Med 259 364-372

[10] Preiser JC(2007)Diagnosis of central hypovolemia by using passive leg raising Intensive Care Med 33 1133-1138