On Factors Influencing the Absorption Capacity of Surgical Sponges

Background: Cotton balls and surgical gauzes (CSG) have been routinely used for mopping fluids and blood in surgeries. Polyurethane sheets (PUS) are increasingly used instead of CSG. The factors influencing the absorption of fluids by CSG and PUS have not been studied in detail. There are a variety of factors that could be modified by the manufacturer while a limited number of them could be manipulated by the operator. Materials and Methods: Mathematical models and equations have been employed in this study. The impact of absorbency was performed by modulating various factors. Results and Discussion: A variety of factors such as thickness, density of the web, radius of fiber, temperature, surface tension and viscosity of fluid, all influenced the absorption rate and capacity to varying degrees. The optimal variation by which the PUS can be effectively used is discussed. The suggested mathematical model will help the operator to choose the appropriate type of PUS based on the individual’s needs. Conclusion: In an area of rapidly developing technology and change in biomaterials, where the choice of such materials are overwhelming, hopefully this basic knowledge will help the clinician to make a more educated and rational decision. © 2013, Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India.