Polar-Coded OFDM Signal Using Physical Layer Network Coding for New-Generation Networks

To accomplish the targets of Beyond Fifth-Generation (B5G) networks, considerable spectral efficiency, wide coverage, better reliability, and energy efficiency are the main objectives. In order to enhance the performance of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER), powerful channel coding, such as polar coding, must be considered. In addition, a Massive Multi-Input Multi-Output (MMIMO) combined with OFDM can support better performance and spectral efficiency. On the other hand, Physical Layer Network Coding (PLNC) can increase system throughput. This paper explores the integration of Polar-Coded OFDM (PCOFDM) with MMIMO and PLNC to enhance transmission reliability and throughput. A two-way relay transmission scenario is considered at millimeter Wave (mmWave) frequencies. The consequences of the extensive simulation assessments for Multilevel Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) demonstrated that refinements in throughput and BER can be performed using PCOFDM, with PLNC having enough antenna elements in the massive MIMO system at the base station (the relay node). In any case of the number of antenna elements utilized in the user terminal, the BER achievement of PCOFDM-MMIMO with PLNC surpassed that of a similar system without polar code (antenna elements used in the base station are 128 and 256).