Genetic diversity analysis of 34 fig varieties (Ficus carica L.) based on ISSR molecular marker

We studied the genetic diversity of 34 fig varieties (Ficus carica L.) to provide a reference for analyzing the phylogenetic relationships and variety identification of figs. A total of 34 fig materials were amplified by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular marker technique. The products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and analyzed by using POPGENE 1.32 and NTSYS 2.10. Nine polymorphic primers were screened from 100 ISSR primers, and 107 loci were amplified, 74 were polymorphic loci, and the polymorphic loci ratio was 69.16%. The number of alleles was observed. The Na average was 1.6729, and the effective allele number (Ne) was 1.4022. The Nei’s gene diversity index (He) was 0.2316. The Shannon information index (I) was 0.3447, and the genetic similarity coefficient (GS) was between 0.6262 and 0.9720 the average values. UPGMA method was used to construct the clustering map. With GS 0.824 as the threshold, 34 fig varieties were divided into eight groups, thus indicating that ISSR molecular markers can be effectively applied to the genetic diversity analysis of different fig varieties.