Association of IL-10 gene (−1082A>G, −819C>T and −592C>A) polymorphism and its serum level with metabolic syndrome of north Indian subjects

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an inflammatory disorder, in which various cytokines play important role in tilting balance towards disease state. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important antiinflammatory cytokine, but its genetic polymorphisms and serum levels in Indian MetS subjects are unknown. Three IL-10 gene polymorphisms (−1082A >G (rs1800896), −819C >T (rs1800872) and −592C >A (rs1800871)) were genotyped with PCR-RFLP in MetS subjects (n = 384) and age/sex matched control subjects (n = 386). Serum IL-10 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum IL-10 level was significantly low in MetS subject and significantly correlated with clinicobiochemical parameters of MetS. Of three investigated promoter polymorphisms, IL-10 –819C > T and –592C >A were significantly associated with risk of MetS. The mutant alleles −819T and −592A of IL-10 gene polymorphism were significantly higher in MetS subjects compared to controls. Of the four different haplotypes obtained, common ACC haplotype and rare GTA haplotype of IL-10 polymorphisms were associated with MetS. The mean of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly different between the genotypes of both −819 C >T and −592C >A polymorphisms of IL-10 in MetS subjects. These results suggested that polymorphisms in IL-10 gene (−819C >T and −592C >A), haplotypes (ACC and GTA) and serum level are significantly associated with risk of MetS. IL-10 −819C >T and −592C >A polymorphic variants are also significantly associated with insulin level and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance in north Indian MetS subjects.