Insulin is essential for in vitro chondrogenesis of mesenchymal progenitor cells and influences chondrogenesis in a dose-dependent manner

[1] Johnstone B(1998)In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells Exp Cell Res 238 265-272

[2] Hering TM(1991)Age-related differences in the metabolism of proteoglycans in bovine articular cartilage explants maintained in the presence of insulin-like growth factor I Connect Tissue Res 26 101-120

[3] Caplan AI(2008)The potential of IGF-1 and TGFbeta1 for promoting “adult” articular cartilage repair: an in vitro study Tissue Eng Part A 14 1251-1261

[4] Goldberg VM(2005)Basic fibroblast growth factor inhibits the anabolic activity of insulin-like growth factor 1 and osteogenic protein 1 in adult human articular chondrocytes Arthritis Rheum 52 3910-3917

[5] Yoo JU(1989)Insulin-like growth factor 1 can decrease degradation and promote synthesis of proteoglycan in cartilage exposed to cytokines Biochem J 260 543-548

[6] Barone-Varelas J(2002)Differential effects of growth factors on tissue-engineered cartilage Tissue Eng 8 73-84

[7] Schnitzer TJ(2008)Systematic assessment of growth factor treatment on biochemical and biomechanical properties of engineered articular cartilage constructs Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17 114-123

[8] Meng Q(1995)Insulin-like growth factors Cell Biol Int 19 445-457

[9] Otten L(2001)Insulin in tissue engineering of cartilage: a potential model system for growth factor application J Drug Target 9 439-448

[10] Thonar EJ(2006)Glucocorticoids promote chondrogenic differentiation of adult human mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing expression of cartilage extracellular matrix genes Stem Cells 24 1487-1495

[1] Johnstone B(1998)In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells Exp Cell Res 238 265-272

[2] Hering TM(1991)Age-related differences in the metabolism of proteoglycans in bovine articular cartilage explants maintained in the presence of insulin-like growth factor I Connect Tissue Res 26 101-120

[3] Caplan AI(2008)The potential of IGF-1 and TGFbeta1 for promoting “adult” articular cartilage repair: an in vitro study Tissue Eng Part A 14 1251-1261

[4] Goldberg VM(2005)Basic fibroblast growth factor inhibits the anabolic activity of insulin-like growth factor 1 and osteogenic protein 1 in adult human articular chondrocytes Arthritis Rheum 52 3910-3917

[5] Yoo JU(1989)Insulin-like growth factor 1 can decrease degradation and promote synthesis of proteoglycan in cartilage exposed to cytokines Biochem J 260 543-548

[6] Barone-Varelas J(2002)Differential effects of growth factors on tissue-engineered cartilage Tissue Eng 8 73-84

[7] Schnitzer TJ(2008)Systematic assessment of growth factor treatment on biochemical and biomechanical properties of engineered articular cartilage constructs Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17 114-123

[8] Meng Q(1995)Insulin-like growth factors Cell Biol Int 19 445-457

[9] Otten L(2001)Insulin in tissue engineering of cartilage: a potential model system for growth factor application J Drug Target 9 439-448

[10] Thonar EJ(2006)Glucocorticoids promote chondrogenic differentiation of adult human mesenchymal stem cells by enhancing expression of cartilage extracellular matrix genes Stem Cells 24 1487-1495