The Filum disease and the Neuro-Cranio-vertebral syndrome: definition, clinical picture and imaging features

[1] Johnson A(1857)Sacrum of a child containing a fatty tumour connected with the anterior of the spinal canal Lancet 2 35-36

[2] Jones W(1891)Spina bifida occulta: no paralytic symptoms until seventeen years of age: spine trephined to relieve pressure on the cauda equina: recovery Br Med J 1 173-174

[3] Fuchs A(1910)Ueber Beziehungen der Enuresis nocturna zu Rudimentärformen der Spina bifida occulta (Myelodysplasie) Wien Med Wochenschr 80 1569-1573

[4] Lichtenstein BW(1940)Spinal dysraphism Spina Bifida and myelodysplasia Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry 44 792-809

[5] Garceau GJ(1953)The filum terminale syndrome (the cord-traction syndrome) J Bone Joint Surg 35 711-716

[6] Jones PH(1956)Tight filum terminale Arch Surg 73 556-566

[7] Love JG(1976)The tethered spinal cord: its protean manifestations, diagnosis and surgical correction Childs Brain 2 145-155

[8] Hoffman HJ(1981)Pathophysiology of “tethered cord syndrome” J Neurosurg 54 494-503

[9] Hendrick EB(2006)Prevalence of primary tethered cord syndrome associated with occult spinal Dysraphism in primary school children in Turkey Pediatr Neurosurg 42 4-13

[10] Humphreys RP(2017)The prevalence and distribution of Spina bifida in a single major referral Center in Malaysia Front Pediatr 5 237-36

[1] Johnson A(1857)Sacrum of a child containing a fatty tumour connected with the anterior of the spinal canal Lancet 2 35-36

[2] Jones W(1891)Spina bifida occulta: no paralytic symptoms until seventeen years of age: spine trephined to relieve pressure on the cauda equina: recovery Br Med J 1 173-174

[3] Fuchs A(1910)Ueber Beziehungen der Enuresis nocturna zu Rudimentärformen der Spina bifida occulta (Myelodysplasie) Wien Med Wochenschr 80 1569-1573

[4] Lichtenstein BW(1940)Spinal dysraphism Spina Bifida and myelodysplasia Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry 44 792-809

[5] Garceau GJ(1953)The filum terminale syndrome (the cord-traction syndrome) J Bone Joint Surg 35 711-716

[6] Jones PH(1956)Tight filum terminale Arch Surg 73 556-566

[7] Love JG(1976)The tethered spinal cord: its protean manifestations, diagnosis and surgical correction Childs Brain 2 145-155

[8] Hoffman HJ(1981)Pathophysiology of “tethered cord syndrome” J Neurosurg 54 494-503

[9] Hendrick EB(2006)Prevalence of primary tethered cord syndrome associated with occult spinal Dysraphism in primary school children in Turkey Pediatr Neurosurg 42 4-13

[10] Humphreys RP(2017)The prevalence and distribution of Spina bifida in a single major referral Center in Malaysia Front Pediatr 5 237-36