Design of Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna Using Coplanar Parasitic Rod Elements with Two-Layer Substrate Coupled Integrated Feeding Line Technique

Microstrip antenna technology has gained significant momentum in recent times, finding widespread applications in mobile and satellite communications. These antennas offer advantages such as cost-effectiveness, low profile, and easy fabrication. However, one of the limitations of microstrip antennas is their limited bandwidth utilization. To address this drawback, a proposed methodology has been introduced to enhance the bandwidth utilization factor and overcome this limitation. The proposed method involves the design of a microstrip rectangular patch antenna using co-planar parasitic rod elements and substrate integrating feeding line technique. This approach aims to improve various aspects of the antenna’s performance, including bandwidth enhancement, front-to-back ratio improvement, loss reduction, increased quality factor, and higher power handling capability. Through the proposed method, the bandwidth ratio is significantly increased from 4 to 18%, demonstrating superior results compared to existing approaches. The simulation and 3D plot results were obtained using Ansoft HFSS (High-Frequency Structure Simulator) software, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in achieving efficient bandwidth utilization and overall antenna performance improvements.