Corporate Governance and Investor Protection in Greece: Regulatory and Supervisory Reform from a Law and Finance Perspective

The paper employs law and finance analysis to critically discuss the quality of corporate governance and investor protection in Greece. The paper argues that the Greek corporate governance framework is fragile not only because investor protection standards are inconsistent and insufficient, but also because institutional inefficiencies undermine the effectiveness of enforcement mechanisms. The paper recognises that institutional reform should proceed in tandem with regulatory and supervisory modernisation. Nonetheless, acknowledging that the former requires significant political commitment and takes time, several proposals with a more immediate and direct effect on improving the investor protection regime are made. In particular, the paper: (a) favours the streamlining of minimum, legally binding, bright-line corporate governance norms reflecting internationally accepted standards in conjunction with a ‘comply or explain’ approach, while also considering the upgrading of corporate gatekeepers’ liability — especially that of accountants and lawyers; (b) argues for the enhancement of private enforcement as a supplement to public enforcement mechanisms; and (c) supports the shifting of supervisory and enforcement attention to corporate managers’ liability.