Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes and Integrated Interpretation with Water Quality Index Studies

被引:271
作者
Adimalla N. [1 ,2 ]
Li P. [1 ,2 ]
Venkatayogi S. [3 ]
机构
[1] School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an
[2] Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi
[3] Department of Applied Geochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad
关键词
Drinking and irrigation; Groundwater quality; Rock dominant semi-arid region; Telangana; Water quality index (WQI);
D O I
10.1007/s40710-018-0297-4
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Groundwater is the major source for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Central parts of Telangana. The demand for groundwater has recently increased due to intensive irrigation practices and population growth which in turn caused depletion of resource and deterioration of quality. In view of this, quality studies have been undertaken on 105 groundwater samples collected from the rock dominant semi-arid region of central Telangana and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl−), sulphate (SO42−), nitrate (NO3−), and fluoride (F−). Results revealed that 51% and 71% of groundwater has more than the maximum acceptable limits of fluoride (1.5 mg/L) and nitrate concentrations (45 mg/L), respectively, thus making the groundwater unsuitable for drinking purpose. Data plotted in Gibbs diagram reveal that the groundwater chemistry is primarily controlled by rock-water interaction. According to water quality index (WQI), 60% and 36% of groundwater samples fall in excellent and good categories for drinking purpose. A majority of groundwater samples fall in deep meteoric percolation and Na+-SO42− types, but most belong to Ca2+–Mg2+–HCO3−, Na+–HCO3− facies, and few are of Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl− and Na+–Cl− facies. 90% of groundwater in the study region is well suitable for irrigation. It is advised that groundwater with high fluoride and nitrate concentration should be avoided for drinking purposes. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.
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页码:363 / 383
页数:20
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