Pharmacological treatments that facilitate extinction of fear: Relevance to psychotherapy

被引:98
作者
Davis M. [1 ,2 ]
Myers K.M. [1 ]
Chhatwal J. [1 ]
Ressler K.J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Emory University School of Medicine, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Center, Atlanta
[2] Emory University, Department of Psychiatry, Yerkes National Primate Center, Atlanta, GA 30329
来源
NeuroRX | 2006年 / 3卷 / 1期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Cognitive behavioral therapy; D-cycloserine; Extinction; Fear; NMDA; Psychotherapy;
D O I
10.1016/j.nurx.2005.12.008
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
A great deal is now known about the mechanisms of conditioned fear acquisition and expression. More recently, the mechanisms of inhibition of conditioned fear have become the subject of intensive study. The major model system for the study of fear inhibition in the laboratory is extinction, in which a previously fear conditioned organism is exposed repeatedly to the fear-eliciting cue in the absence of any aversive event and the fear conditioned response declines. It is well established that extinction is a form of new learning as opposed to forgetting or "unlearning" of conditioned fear, and it is hypothesized that extinction develops when sensory pathways conveying sensory information to the amygdala come to engage GABAergic interneurons through forms of experience-dependent plasticity such as long-term potentiation. Several laboratories currently are investigating methods of facilitating fear extinction in animals with the hope that such treatments might ultimately prove to be useful in facilitating exposure-based therapy for anxiety disorders in clinical populations. This review discusses the advances that have been made in this field and presents the findings of the first major clinical study to examine the therapeutic utility of a drug that facilitates extinction in animals. It is concluded that extinction is an excellent model system for the study of fear inhibition and an indispensable tool for the screening of putative pharmacotherapies for clinical use. © The American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, Inc.
引用
收藏
页码:82 / 96
页数:14
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