Shared Pathological Mechanisms Between Diabetes Mellitus and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegeneration is a term for the description of the progressive neuronal and neural structure loss, function, and their populations in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have shed light on shared pathological mechanisms including inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress between diabetes mellitus (DM) and neurodegenerative disorders. The association between these age-related chronic diseases has attracted immense attention during the past decade. Because shared mechanisms may underlie the co-occurrence of DM and neurodegeneration, deep understanding about the potential links between these conditions may be helpful for a better management of both diseases. In the present review, we attempt to provide an overview on the relationship pathways between DM and chronic neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.